Tag: M.W=200-250

Matsushita, Kohei published the artcileA 13-week subchronic toxicity study of vanillin propylene glycol acetal in F344 rats, Recommanded Product: 2-Methoxy-4-(4-methyl-1,3-dioxolan-2-yl)phenol, the publication is Food and Chemical Toxicology (2019), 110643, database is CAplus and MEDLINE.

Vanillin propylene glycol acetal (VPGA) has been used as a flavoring agent. Here, we performed a 13-wk subchronic toxicity study of VPGA in F344 rats with oral administration by gavage at doses of 0, 100, 300, and 1000 mg/kg body weight (BW)/day. In the 1000 mg/kg BW group, loss of vigorous activity and listlessness immediately after administration were observed for both sexes throughout the exptl. period. Reduction of body weight gain was noted in both sexes at 1000 mg/kg BW. Serum biochem. demonstrated significant increases in total protein, albumin, total cholesterol, calcium, inorganic phosphorus, and γ-glutamyl transpeptidase in both sexes at 1000 mg/kg BW and increases in the albumin/globulin ratio and urea nitrogen in the male 1000 mg/kg BW group. A significant increase in relative liver weight was detected in both sexes at 1000 mg/kg BW. Histopathol., centrilobular hepatocellular hypertrophy in the liver was observed in both sexes at 1000 mg/kg BW. In addition, the incidence of fatty changes in hepatocytes in the male 1000 mg/kg BW group was decreased compared with that in the control. Based on these results, the no-observed-adverse-effect level for VPGA was evaluated to be 300 mg/kg BW/day for both sexes in the current study.

Food and Chemical Toxicology published new progress about 68527-74-2. 68527-74-2 belongs to dioxole, auxiliary class Dioxolane,Benzene,Phenol,Ether, name is 2-Methoxy-4-(4-methyl-1,3-dioxolan-2-yl)phenol, and the molecular formula is C11H14O4, Recommanded Product: 2-Methoxy-4-(4-methyl-1,3-dioxolan-2-yl)phenol.

Referemce:
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1,3-Benzodioxole,
Dioxole | C3H4O2 – PubChem

Peng, Anshun published the artcileSynthesis of vanillin propylene glycol acetal using calcium methanesulfonate as catalyst, Application In Synthesis of 68527-74-2, the publication is Huaxue Shijie (2005), 46(12), 752-753, database is CAplus.

Vanillin propylene acetal was synthesized using vanillin and propylene glycol as starting materials and Ca methanesulfonate as catalyst. Factors influencing the yield were examined The optimum conditions were as follows: vanillin: 1,2-propanediol : catalyst : dehydration agent 0.15 mol : 0.225 mol : 1.00 g : 15 mL and refluxing for 3.0 h. The yield was above 87.5% under optimum conditions.

Huaxue Shijie published new progress about 68527-74-2. 68527-74-2 belongs to dioxole, auxiliary class Dioxolane,Benzene,Phenol,Ether, name is 2-Methoxy-4-(4-methyl-1,3-dioxolan-2-yl)phenol, and the molecular formula is C11H14O4, Application In Synthesis of 68527-74-2.

Referemce:
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1,3-Benzodioxole,
Dioxole | C3H4O2 – PubChem

Gerloff, Janice published the artcileInflammatory Response and Barrier Dysfunction by Different e-Cigarette Flavoring Chemicals Identified by Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry in e-Liquids and e-Vapors on Human Lung Epithelial Cells and Fibroblasts, SDS of cas: 68527-74-2, the publication is Applied In Vitro Toxicology (2017), 3(1), 28-40, database is CAplus and MEDLINE.

Recent studies suggest that electronic cigarette (e-cig) flavors can be harmful to lung tissue by imposing oxidative stress and inflammatory responses. The potential inflammatory response by lung epithelial cells and fibroblasts exposed to e-cig flavoring chems. in addition to other risk-anticipated flavor enhancers inhaled by e-cig users is not known. The goal of this study was to evaluate the release of the proinflammatory cytokine (interleukin-8 [IL-8]) and epithelial barrier function in response to different e-cig flavoring chems. identified in various e-cig e-liquid flavorings and vapors by chem. characterization using gas chromatog.-mass spectrometry anal. Flavorings, such as acetoin (butter), diacetyl, pentanedione, maltol (malt), ortho-vanillin (vanilla), coumarin, and cinnamaldehyde in comparison with tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNFα), were used in this study. Human bronchial epithelial cells (Beas2B), human mucoepidermoid carcinoma epithelial cells (H292), and human lung fibroblasts (HFL-1) were treated with each flavoring chem. for 24 h. The cells and conditioned media were then collected and analyzed for toxicity (viability %), lung epithelial barrier function, and proinflammatory cytokine IL-8 release. Cell viability was not significantly affected by any of the flavoring chems. tested at a concentration of 10μM to 1 mM. Acetoin and diacetyl treatment induced IL-8 release in Beas2B cells. Acetoin- and pentanedione-treated HFL-1 cells produced a differential, but significant response for IL-8 release compared to controls and TNFα. Flavorings, such as ortho-vanillin and maltol, induced IL-8 release in Beas2B cells, but not in H292 cells. Of all the flavoring chems. tested, acetoin and maltol were more potent inducers of IL-8 release than TNFα in Beas2B and HFL-1 cells. Flavoring chems. rapidly impaired epithelial barrier function in human bronchial epithelial cells (16-HBE) as measured by elec. cell surface impedance sensing. Our findings suggest that some of the e-cig liquids/aerosols containing flavoring chems. can cause significant loss of epithelial barrier function and proinflammatory response in lung cells.

Applied In Vitro Toxicology published new progress about 68527-74-2. 68527-74-2 belongs to dioxole, auxiliary class Dioxolane,Benzene,Phenol,Ether, name is 2-Methoxy-4-(4-methyl-1,3-dioxolan-2-yl)phenol, and the molecular formula is C11H14O4, SDS of cas: 68527-74-2.

Referemce:
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1,3-Benzodioxole,
Dioxole | C3H4O2 – PubChem

Jiang, Wei-hua published the artcileSynthesis of vanillin 1,2-propylene glycol acetal catalyzed by H₃PMo₁₂O₄₀, Recommanded Product: 2-Methoxy-4-(4-methyl-1,3-dioxolan-2-yl)phenol, the publication is Huaxue Shiji (2009), 31(6), 457-460, database is CAplus.

A method for the synthesis of the title compound [i.e., 2-methoxy-4-(4-methyl-1,3-dioxolan-2-yl)phenol, vanillin 1,2-propylene glycol acetal] is reported here. Vanillin 1,2-propylene glycol acetal was synthesized from vanillin [i.e., 4-hydroxy-3-methoxybenzaldehyde] and 1,2-propylene glycol using H₃PMo₁₂O₄₀ as the catalyst. Factors influencing the product formation, such as molar ratio of reactants, time, catalyst type and amount, and different water entrainment agents, were studied and optimized reaction conditions were determined Reaction conditions were found as follows: molar ratio of aldehyde/glycol = 1.0/1.3, catalyst dosage of 0.3%, a cyclohexane amount of 15 mL, and a reaction time of 4.5 h. The selectivity was above 98% and the product yield was 94.58%. The product structure was determined by IR, GC, NMR.

Huaxue Shiji published new progress about 68527-74-2. 68527-74-2 belongs to dioxole, auxiliary class Dioxolane,Benzene,Phenol,Ether, name is 2-Methoxy-4-(4-methyl-1,3-dioxolan-2-yl)phenol, and the molecular formula is C11H14O4, Recommanded Product: 2-Methoxy-4-(4-methyl-1,3-dioxolan-2-yl)phenol.

Referemce:
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1,3-Benzodioxole,
Dioxole | C3H4O2 – PubChem

Ween, M. P. published the artcileE-cigarettes and health risks: more to the flavor than just the name, Name: 2-Methoxy-4-(4-methyl-1,3-dioxolan-2-yl)phenol, the publication is American Journal of Physiology (2021), 320(4), L600-L614, database is CAplus and MEDLINE.

The growing interest in regulating flavored E-liquids must incorporate understanding of the “flavoring profile” of each E-liquid-which flavorings (flavoring chems.) are present and at what concentrations not just focusing on the flavor on the label. We investigated the flavoring profile of 10 different flavored E-liquids We assessed bronchial epithelial cell viability and apoptosis, phagocytosis of bacteria and apoptotic cells by macrophages after exposure to E-cigarette vapor extract (EVE). We validated our data in normal human bronchial epithelial cells (NHBE) and alveolar macrophages (AM) from healthy donors. We also assessed cytokine release and validated in the saliva from E-cigarette users. Increased necrosis/apoptosis (16.1-64.5% apoptosis) in 16HBE cells was flavor dependent, and NHBEs showed an increased susceptibility to flavors. In THP-1 differentiated macrophages phagocytosis was also flavor dependent, with AM also showing increased susceptibility to flavors. Further, Banana and Chocolate were shown to reduce surface expression of phagocytic target recognition receptors on alveolar macrophages. Banana and Chocolate increased IL-8 secretion by NHBE, whereas all 4 flavors reduced AM IL-1β secretion, which was also reduced in the saliva of E-cigarette users compared with healthy controls. Flavorant profiles of E-liquids varied from simple 2 compound mixtures to complex mixtures containing over a dozen flavorants. E-liquids with high benzene content, complex flavoring profiles, high chem. concentration had the greatest impacts. The Flavorant profile of E-liquids is key to disruption of the airway status quo by increasing bronchial epithelial cell apoptosis, causing alveolar macrophage phagocytic dysfunction, and altering airway cytokines.

American Journal of Physiology published new progress about 68527-74-2. 68527-74-2 belongs to dioxole, auxiliary class Dioxolane,Benzene,Phenol,Ether, name is 2-Methoxy-4-(4-methyl-1,3-dioxolan-2-yl)phenol, and the molecular formula is C5H5NO3S, Name: 2-Methoxy-4-(4-methyl-1,3-dioxolan-2-yl)phenol.

Referemce:
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1,3-Benzodioxole,
Dioxole | C3H4O2 – PubChem

Beresnevich, L. B. published the artcileSynthesis of 1,3-dioxolanes from natural carbonyl compounds, Computed Properties of 68527-74-2, the publication is Vestsi Natsyyanal’nai Akademii Navuk Belarusi, Seryya Khimichnykh Navuk (2009), 73-76, database is CAplus.

Condensation of various naturally occurring aldehydes and ketones R¹R²CO [R¹ = H, R² = n-Pr, i-Bu, 4-MeC₆H₄CH₂CHMe, 4-HO-3-MeOC₆H₃, etc.; R¹R² = (CH₂)₄, (CH₂)₅, etc.; R¹ = R² = n-Pr; R¹ = Me, R² = Et, t-Bu, n-hexyl] with 1,2-propanediol in the presence of sulfonated cationite FIBAN K-1 neat or in benzene gave the corresponding 1,3-dioxolanes in 50-98% yields.

Vestsi Natsyyanal’nai Akademii Navuk Belarusi, Seryya Khimichnykh Navuk published new progress about 68527-74-2. 68527-74-2 belongs to dioxole, auxiliary class Dioxolane,Benzene,Phenol,Ether, name is 2-Methoxy-4-(4-methyl-1,3-dioxolan-2-yl)phenol, and the molecular formula is C11H14O4, Computed Properties of 68527-74-2.

Referemce:
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1,3-Benzodioxole,
Dioxole | C3H4O2 – PubChem

Liu, Fei published the artcileSynthesis of vanillin propylene glycol acetal catalyzed by solid superacid, Synthetic Route of 68527-74-2, the publication is Jingxi Huagong (2010), 27(2), 155-159, database is CAplus.

The synthesis of vanillin propylene glycol acetal catalyzed by solid superacid was investigated. A series of solid superacids were prepared and used to synthesize vanillin propylene glycol acetal. Solid superacids excelled phosphoric acid and citric acid, and SO₄^2-/ZrO₂ was the best catalyst. The optimum conditions using SO₄^2-/ZrO₂ were as follows: when vanillin was 0.05 mol, n(vanillin):n(1,2-propylene glycol)=1:2.4, the water-carrying agent was toluene (20 mL); the amount of catalyst was 0.25% of the weight of vanillin; and the reaction time 1.0 h. Under these conditions, the yield of vanillin propylene glycol acetal was 95.1%. The total yield was 90.5% and the relative mass fraction was 99.5% after vacuum distillation The structure of the product was identified by IR and GC-MS. The yield could still achieve 91.1% when the catalyst was calcined 20 days later. The reaction time was short and the catalyst was efficient and stable. The post-processing was simple in this process.

Jingxi Huagong published new progress about 68527-74-2. 68527-74-2 belongs to dioxole, auxiliary class Dioxolane,Benzene,Phenol,Ether, name is 2-Methoxy-4-(4-methyl-1,3-dioxolan-2-yl)phenol, and the molecular formula is C11H14O4, Synthetic Route of 68527-74-2.

Referemce:
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1,3-Benzodioxole,
Dioxole | C3H4O2 – PubChem

Liu, Fei published the artcileSynthesis of vanillin propylene glycol acetal catalyzed by solid superacid, Synthetic Route of 68527-74-2, the publication is Jingxi Huagong (2010), 27(2), 155-159, database is CAplus.

The synthesis of vanillin propylene glycol acetal catalyzed by solid superacid was investigated. A series of solid superacids were prepared and used to synthesize vanillin propylene glycol acetal. Solid superacids excelled phosphoric acid and citric acid, and SO₄^2-/ZrO₂ was the best catalyst. The optimum conditions using SO₄^2-/ZrO₂ were as follows: when vanillin was 0.05 mol, n(vanillin):n(1,2-propylene glycol)=1:2.4, the water-carrying agent was toluene (20 mL); the amount of catalyst was 0.25% of the weight of vanillin; and the reaction time 1.0 h. Under these conditions, the yield of vanillin propylene glycol acetal was 95.1%. The total yield was 90.5% and the relative mass fraction was 99.5% after vacuum distillation The structure of the product was identified by IR and GC-MS. The yield could still achieve 91.1% when the catalyst was calcined 20 days later. The reaction time was short and the catalyst was efficient and stable. The post-processing was simple in this process.

Jingxi Huagong published new progress about 68527-74-2. 68527-74-2 belongs to dioxole, auxiliary class Dioxolane,Benzene,Phenol,Ether, name is 2-Methoxy-4-(4-methyl-1,3-dioxolan-2-yl)phenol, and the molecular formula is C11H14O4, Synthetic Route of 68527-74-2.

Referemce:
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1,3-Benzodioxole,
Dioxole | C3H4O2 – PubChem