Tag: M.W=100-150

Lu, Yao published the artcileCharacterization of a bio-oil from pyrolysis of rice husk by detailed compositional analysis and structural investigation of lignin, Category: dioxole, the publication is Bioresource Technology (2012), 114-119, database is CAplus and MEDLINE.

Detailed compositional anal. of a bio-oil (BO) from pyrolysis of rice husk was carried out. The BO was extracted sequentially with n-hexane, CCl₄, CS₂, benzene and CH₂Cl₂. In total, 167 organic species were identified with GC/MS in the extracts and classified into alkanes, alcs., hydroxybenzenes, alkoxybenzenes, dioxolanes, aldehydes, ketones, carboxylic acids, esters, nitrogen-containing organic compounds and other species. The benzene ring-containing species (BRCCs) were attributed to the degradation of lignin while most of the rests were derived from the degradation of cellulose and hemicellulose. Along with guaiacyl and p-hydroxyphenyl units as the main components, a new type of linkage was suggested, i.e., C_ar-CH₂-C_ar in 4,4′-methylenebis(2,6-dimethoxyphenol). Based on the species identified, a possible macromol. structure of the lignin and the mechanism for its pyrolysis are proposed. The BO was also extracted with petroleum ether in ca. 17.8% of the extract yield and about 82.1% of the extracted components are BRCCs.

Bioresource Technology published new progress about 1193-11-9. 1193-11-9 belongs to dioxole, auxiliary class Dioxolanes, name is 2,2,4-Trimethyl-1,3-dioxolane, and the molecular formula is C6H12O2, Category: dioxole.

Referemce:
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1,3-Benzodioxole,
Dioxole | C3H4O2 – PubChem

Zhang, Du published the artcileReuse of waste catalytic-cracking catalyst: fine performance in acetalization, Synthetic Route of 177-10-6, the publication is Journal of Material Cycles and Waste Management (2020), 22(1), 22-29, database is CAplus.

Equilibrium fluid-catalytic-cracking catalyst (E-cat), a waste catalyst from fluid-catalytic cracking in petroleum refining, was used to catalyze acetalization of aldehydes (ketones) with diols. Although the activity of E-cat in catalytic cracking has decreased, it still presented fine catalytic performance in the acetalization. The ketal was stoichiometrically formed in the reaction of cyclohexanone with ethanediol, conversion of the ketone reached to 99.7% and selectivity of the ketal maintained 100% in the optimum conditions. It was revealed that E-cat can be provided with the wide adaptability in acetalization from the syntheses of different kinds of acetals or ketals. Moreover, E-cat appeared a superreusability through filtration from the reaction flask. It was an attracted example for decrement from the bulk waste catalyst in petroleum refining.

Journal of Material Cycles and Waste Management published new progress about 177-10-6. 177-10-6 belongs to dioxole, auxiliary class Dioxolane,Spiro, name is 1,4-Dioxaspiro[4.5]decane, and the molecular formula is C38H74Cl2N2O4, Synthetic Route of 177-10-6.

Referemce:
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1,3-Benzodioxole,
Dioxole | C3H4O2 – PubChem

Papachristos, M. J. published the artcileThe effect of the molecular structure of antiknock additives on engine performance, COA of Formula: C6H12O2, the publication is Journal of the Institute of Energy (1991), 64(459), 113-23, database is CAplus.

The effects of the mol. structured of gasoline additives on fuel octane rating, engine efficiency, and exhaust emissions were studied. In addition to a reassessment of known high-octane components, a new chem. mechanistic model was developed to explain antiknock characteristics. This fundamental model led to the prediction of several new classes of potential antiknock compounds Some excellent antiknock components were identified, and a number of new correlations between mol. structure and blending antiknock performance were established on a standard single-cylinder engine; they were in line with the predictions of the developed model. The effects of the above compounds on engine antiknock performance, efficiency, and exhaust emissions (including aldehydes), were investigated on a fully instrumented test 4-cylinder engine. The single-cylinder test results were largely confirmed by careful data anal., and all engine effects were eliminated, thereby enabling further clear-cut correlations to be established between mol. structure, engine efficiency and exhaust emissions. Two components, dipentene and N–tert-butylfurfurylamine, were identified as the most promising gasoline supplements.

Journal of the Institute of Energy published new progress about 1193-11-9. 1193-11-9 belongs to dioxole, auxiliary class Dioxolanes, name is 2,2,4-Trimethyl-1,3-dioxolane, and the molecular formula is C6H12O2, COA of Formula: C6H12O2.

Referemce:
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1,3-Benzodioxole,
Dioxole | C3H4O2 – PubChem

Lee, Sang Bong published the artcileN-Benzylpyridinium salts as new useful catalysts for transformation of epoxides to cyclic acetals, ortho esters, and ortho carbonates, Recommanded Product: 2,2,4-Trimethyl-1,3-dioxolane, the publication is Chemistry Letters (1990), 2019-22, database is CAplus.

Epoxides react with aldehydes, ketones, lactones, and carbonates in the presence of N-(4-methoxybenzyl)-2-cyanopyridinium hexafluoroantimonate (I) under mild conditions to give cyclic acetals, ortho esters, and ortho carbonates. Thus, Me₂CO was treated with styrene oxide in the presence of I at room temperature for 10 min. to give 93% dimethylphenyldioxolane II.

Chemistry Letters published new progress about 1193-11-9. 1193-11-9 belongs to dioxole, auxiliary class Dioxolanes, name is 2,2,4-Trimethyl-1,3-dioxolane, and the molecular formula is C6H12O2, Recommanded Product: 2,2,4-Trimethyl-1,3-dioxolane.

Referemce:
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1,3-Benzodioxole,
Dioxole | C3H4O2 – PubChem

Inoue, Hiroo published the artcilePhoto-oxidation of glycols in the liquid phase, Application of 2,2,4-Trimethyl-1,3-dioxolane, the publication is Kogyo Kagaku Zasshi (1966), 69(4), 654-7, database is CAplus.

The products produced by the irradiation of the ethylene glycol and its derivative with 100 w. high-pressure Hg-vapor lamp in the atm. of O or N, were studied with a gas chromatograph and paper-partition chromatography. In the case of ethylene glycol, AcH, acetaldehyde ethylene acetal, AcOEt and MeOH were identified. Acetone and its ketal and iso-PrOH were obtained in the case of propylene glycol. The dehydrogenation was thought to be predominant in the initial stage of the reaction. On the other hand, the photo-oxidation took place even when the hydroxy group of ethylene glycol was protected by etherification. Ethylene glycol monoacetate was produced from acetaldehyde ethylene acetal. HCHO, formic acid, and Me formate were formed from ethylene glycol monomethyl ether and dimethyl ether.

Kogyo Kagaku Zasshi published new progress about 1193-11-9. 1193-11-9 belongs to dioxole, auxiliary class Dioxolanes, name is 2,2,4-Trimethyl-1,3-dioxolane, and the molecular formula is C6H12O2, Application of 2,2,4-Trimethyl-1,3-dioxolane.

Referemce:
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1,3-Benzodioxole,
Dioxole | C3H4O2 – PubChem

Chen, Hanping published the artcileThe new insight about mechanism of the influence of K₂CO₃ on cellulose pyrolysis, Safety of 2,2,4-Trimethyl-1,3-dioxolane, the publication is Fuel (2021), 120617, database is CAplus.

Potassium salt is a nonnegligible inorganic element in biomass, and it has a significant impact on the thermal behavior of biomass. To understand the mechanism of potassium on cellulose pyrolysis in depth, the evolution of functional groups of char combined with the characteristics of volatiles from cellulose pyrolysis with K₂CO₃ between 150 and 600°C was investigated using two-dimensional perturbation correlation IR spectroscopy (2D-PCIS). It was found that the addition of K₂CO₃ changed the decomposition pathway of cellulose, and reduce the initial temperature of cellulose decomposition from 250°C to 150°C. And K₂CO₃ accelerated the deconstruction of hydrogen bonding, and rupture of C5-O, C-C, glycosidic bond of cellulose crystal structure to form light mol. liner aliphatic compounds and CO, CO₂ at lower temperature (150-250°C). At higher temperature (>250°C), it accelerated the generation of phenol C-O of pyrolysis char and inhibited the generation of aliphatic ether.

Fuel published new progress about 1193-11-9. 1193-11-9 belongs to dioxole, auxiliary class Dioxolanes, name is 2,2,4-Trimethyl-1,3-dioxolane, and the molecular formula is C6H12O2, Safety of 2,2,4-Trimethyl-1,3-dioxolane.

Referemce:
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1,3-Benzodioxole,
Dioxole | C3H4O2 – PubChem

Gelas, Jacques published the artcileStudies of cyclic acetals. XXV. Sulfur-containing heterobicycles derived from α-thioglycerol. Synthesis of alkyl-2,8-dioxa-6-thiabicyclo[3.2.1]octanes, Quality Control of 1193-11-9, the publication is Canadian Journal of Chemistry (1983), 61(7), 1487-93, database is CAplus.

I (R, R¹, R² = H, H, H; Me, H, H; Me, H, Me; Me, Me, H; Ph, H, H; H, H, Me; H, H, Ph) and II were prepared by one or more of four methods studied, e.g., cyclization of HOCH₂C(OH)R¹CH₂Cl with RCOCHR²Cl to give III, followed by cyclization with Na₂S.

Canadian Journal of Chemistry published new progress about 1193-11-9. 1193-11-9 belongs to dioxole, auxiliary class Dioxolanes, name is 2,2,4-Trimethyl-1,3-dioxolane, and the molecular formula is C6H12O2, Quality Control of 1193-11-9.

Referemce:
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1,3-Benzodioxole,
Dioxole | C3H4O2 – PubChem

Schnurpfeil, D. published the artcileLiquid-phase oxidation of 1,3-dioxolanes, Quality Control of 1193-11-9, the publication is Journal fuer Praktische Chemie/Chemiker-Zeitung (1994), 336(2), 155-9, database is CAplus.

The oxidation rate and the kind of oxidation products in the oxidation reactions of the 1,3-dioxolanes with mol. oxygen in liquid phase were investigated. The 2-methyl-substituted 1,3-dioxolane has a lower, the 4-methyl-substituted 1,3-dioxolane has a higher oxidation rate than the non-substituted 1,3-dioxolane. The 2,2-disubstituted 1,3-dioxolanes show no oxidation but a hydrolytic reaction. The main-products of the liquid-phase oxidation of the 1,3-dioxolanes are the glycolcarbonic acid monoesters and the 2-oxo-1,3-dioxolanes. Their formation is proved by gas chromatog., GC/MS-coupling, DC and ¹³C-NMR-spectroscopy.

Journal fuer Praktische Chemie/Chemiker-Zeitung published new progress about 1193-11-9. 1193-11-9 belongs to dioxole, auxiliary class Dioxolanes, name is 2,2,4-Trimethyl-1,3-dioxolane, and the molecular formula is C6H12O2, Quality Control of 1193-11-9.

Referemce:
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1,3-Benzodioxole,
Dioxole | C3H4O2 – PubChem

Cheng, Shengxian published the artcileCrystallinity after decarboxylation of a metal-carboxylate framework: indestructible porosity for catalysis, Safety of 1,4-Dioxaspiro[4.5]decane, the publication is Dalton Transactions (2020), 49(34), 11902-11910, database is CAplus and MEDLINE.

We report a curious case study of a Zr(IV)-carboxylate framework, which retains significant crystalline order after cascade thermocyclization of its linker components, and – more notably – after the crucial carboxylate links were severed by heat. Vigorous heat treatment (e.g., 450°C and above) benzannulates the multiple alkyne groups on the linker to generate linked nanographene blocks and to afford real stability. The resultant Zr oxide/nanographene hybrid solid is stable in saturated NaOH and concentrated H₃PO₄, allowing a convenient anchoring of H₃PO₄ into its porous matrix to enable size-selective heterogeneous acid catalysis. The Zr oxide components can also be removed by strong hydrofluoric acid to further enhance the surface area (up to 650 m² g^-1), without collapsing the nanographene scaffold. The crystallinity order and the extensive thermal transformations were characterized by X-ray diffraction, scanning transmission electron microscopy (STEM), IR, solid state NMR and other instrumental methods.

Dalton Transactions published new progress about 177-10-6. 177-10-6 belongs to dioxole, auxiliary class Dioxolane,Spiro, name is 1,4-Dioxaspiro[4.5]decane, and the molecular formula is C8H14O2, Safety of 1,4-Dioxaspiro[4.5]decane.

Referemce:
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1,3-Benzodioxole,
Dioxole | C3H4O2 – PubChem

Gayubo, A. G. published the artcilePyrolytic lignin removal for the valorization of biomass pyrolysis crude bio-oil by catalytic transformation, Computed Properties of 1193-11-9, the publication is Journal of Chemical Technology and Biotechnology (2010), 85(1), 132-144, database is CAplus.

BACKGROUND: The catalytic processes for valorizing the bio-oil obtained from lignocellulosic biomass pyrolysis face the problem that a great amount of carbonaceous material is deposited on the catalyst due to the polymerization of phenol-derived compounds in the crude bio-oil. This carbonaceous material blocks the catalytic bed and contributes to rapid catalyst deactivation. This paper studies an online two-step process, in which the first one separates the polymerizable material and produces a reproducible material whose valorization is of com. interest. RESULTS: The establishment of a step for pyrolytic lignin deposition at 400 °C avoids the blockage of the online catalytic bed and attenuates the deactivation of a HZSM-5 zeolite based catalyst used for hydrocarbon production The origin of catalyst deactivation is coke deposition, which has two fractions (thermal and catalytic), whose content is attenuated by prior pyrolytic lignin separation and by co-feeding methanol. The morphol. and properties of the material deposited in the first step (pyrolytic lignin) are similar to lignins obtained as a byproduct in wood pulp manufacturing CONCLUSIONS: The proposed reaction strategy, with two steps (thermal and catalytic) in series, valorizes the crude bio-oil by solving the problems caused by the polymerization of phenolic compounds, which are obtained in the pyrolysis of the lignin contained in lignocellulosic biomass. Given that a byproduct (pyrolytic lignin) is obtained with similar properties to the lignin from wood pulping manufacturing, the perspectives for the viability of lignocellulosic biomass valorization are promising, which is essential for furthering its implementation in biorefinery processes. Copyright © 2009 Society of Chem. Industry.

Journal of Chemical Technology and Biotechnology published new progress about 1193-11-9. 1193-11-9 belongs to dioxole, auxiliary class Dioxolanes, name is 2,2,4-Trimethyl-1,3-dioxolane, and the molecular formula is C6H12O2, Computed Properties of 1193-11-9.

Referemce:
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1,3-Benzodioxole,
Dioxole | C3H4O2 – PubChem